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ramped cargo lighter
The ramped cargo lighter or RCL was a landing craft used in many parts of the world during the Second World War. Designed in Canada and manufactured in Vancouver and Toronto, its primary purpose was lighterage work following assault landings. The RCL also provided water transport in coastal operations. These lighters were built in sections to simplify shipping and assembled in the theatre of operations.
Manufactured of plywood over a wood frame, this shallow-draft, barge-like boat with a crew of four, could ferry 80 troops, ordnance, vehicles, or a tank, to shore at 9-10 knots. With such a range of work and use in such varied circumstances, standard procedures for loading varied too; loads could be lowered into RCLs from ships’ davits or derricks, or, if from land, simply driven or carried over the bow ramp. Cargoes or troops generally left the lighter over the bow ramp.
==Origins==
In early 1942, the Royal Navy found itself in need of much greater landing capacity in order to provide lift for the Allied 1942 and 1943 invasion plans Round Up and Sledgehammer. Requirements in south-east Asia called for a suitable craft for supply duties on inland waterways such as the Chindwin.〔''Daily Bulletin'', 5 April 1945〕 The landing craft construction programme in Britain was incapable of providing sufficient craft so quickly, and US production had not yet come into full swing. Among the possibilities, Canadian resources were investigated, and a design was developed under the supervision of Royal Canadian Navy construction engineers and representatives of the British Ministry of War Transport.〔’’Roberts, p.93.〕 The RCL was built of plywood to save time and critical metals, and frame, skin, and powerplant were all readily available in Canada.〔Roberts, p.93.〕
These lighters were not intended for the initial assault, but for the following build-up: ferrying vehicles and stores from ship to shore, around harbours, or in littoral or riverine environments.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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